This open access book addresses the question of how God can providentially govern apparently ungovernable randomness. Medieval theologians confidently held that God is provident, that is, God is the ultimate cause of or is responsible for everything that happens. However, scientific advances since the 19th century pose serious challenges to traditional views of providence. From Darwinian evolution to quantum mechanics, randomness has become an essential part of the scientific worldview. An interdisciplinary team of Muslim, Christian and Jewish scholarsbiologists, physicists, philosophers and theologiansaddresses questions of randomness and providence.
Part I Introduction.- 1. Randomness and Providence: Is God a Bowler or a Curler?.- Part II The Problem(s) Stated.- 2. The Many Faces of Randomness.- 3. Randomness and Providence: Defining the Problem(s).- Part III Science.- 4. Randomness in the Cosmos.- 5. Randomness, Providence, and the Multiverse.- 6. Can a Muslim be an Evolutionist?.- 7. Chance, Evolution, and the Metaphysical Implications of Paleontological Practice.- Part IV The Abrahamic Faiths.- 8. Judaism and Providence.- 9. Randomness and Providence in Christian Thought.- 10. God, Cosmos, and Humanity: Muslim Perspectives on Divine Providence.- Part V Providence and Chance.- 11. Reconciling Meticulous Divine Providence with Objective Chance.- 12. Creatio Continua and Quantum Randomness.- 13. Causality, Indeterminacy, and Providence: Contemporary Islamic Perspectives from Said Nursi and Basil Altaie.- 14. Divine Action and the Emergence ofFour Kinds of Randomness.- 15. God et al. World-Making as Collaborative Improvisation: New Metaphors for Open Theists.- 16. Saadia on whatl#š
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