Essays that deal with the effects of de-industrialization processes in a wide variety of contexts.De-industrialization processes have accompanied industrialization from the start, both regionally and globally. Most historical studies of de-industrialization focus on economic issues, including structural causes and forms of unemployment. Much less attention is usually paid to the social and cultural aspects. What are the consequences of de-industrialization for working-class families and their communities? How does de-industrialization affect working-class culture, trade unions traditional labour parties, and the regional social, educational and cultural infrastructure? Are gender relations changed by de-industrialization? The essays here propose a wide scope for the study of industrial devolution.De-industrialization processes have accompanied industrialization from the start, both regionally and globally. Most historical studies of de-industrialization focus on economic issues, including structural causes and forms of unemployment. Much less attention is usually paid to the social and cultural aspects. What are the consequences of de-industrialization for working-class families and their communities? How does de-industrialization affect working-class culture, trade unions traditional labour parties, and the regional social, educational and cultural infrastructure? Are gender relations changed by de-industrialization? The essays here propose a wide scope for the study of industrial devolution.What are the consequences of de-industrialization for working-class families and their communities? How does it affect working-class culture, trade unions traditional labor parties, and the regional social, educational and cultural infrastructure? Are gender relations changed by de-industrialization? These essays cover a broad range of topics relevant to the study of industrial devolution.Preface Bert Altena and Marcel van der Linden; Introduction. De-Industrialization and globl“u