Drugs for the Treatment of Parkinsons Disease [Paperback]

With contributions by numerous experts1 Neurophysiology of Basal Ganglia.- A. Introduction.- B. Electrophysiology of Connections.- I. Peripheral and Cerebral Input to Basal Ganglia.- 1. Striatum.- a. Peripheral Input..- b. Cerebral Input.- 2. Nucleus Subthalamicus.- 3. Substantia Nigra.- II. Internal Basal Ganglia Connections.- 1. Nigrostriatal Dopamine System.- a. Substantia Nigra.- b. Striatum.- 2. Striatopallidal..- 3. Striatonigral.- 4. Nucleus Subthalamicus.- 5. Nucleus Tegmenti Pedunculopontinus.- III. Output of Basal Ganglia.- 1. Pallidothalamic.- 2. Nigrothalamic.- 3. Pallidohabenular.- 4. Nigrocollicular.- 5. Nucleus Tegmenti Pedunculopontinus.- C. Motor Control Functions.- I. Anatomic Considerations.- II. Lesions, Cooling, and Local Drug Injections.- 1. Striatum.- 2. Globus Pallidus.- 3. Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata.- 4. Nucleus Subthalamicus.- III. Neuronal Recordings.- 1. Striatum.- 2. Globus Pallidus.- 3. Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata.- 4. Nucleus Subthalamicus.- D. Higher Functions.- I. Anatomy of Connections.- 1. Cortical Input.- 2. Limbic Input.- 3. Output.- II. Neuropsychologic Deficits After Lesions.- III. Neuronal Recordings.- 1. Untrained Behavior.- 2. Context-Dependent Responses to Directly Triggering Stimuli.- 3. Preparation to Act.- a. Nondiscriminative Instructions.- b. Discriminative Instructions.- c. Delayed Response Tasks.- d. Self-Initiated Acts.- E. Dopaminergic Functions.- I. Animal Models of Parkinsonism.- 1. Monkey.- 2. Rodent.- II. Impulse activity of Dopamine Neurons.- 1. Peripheral Input Under Anesthesia.- 2. Relations to Behavior.- a. Execution of Movements.- b. Responses to Stimuli.- c. Preparation to Act.- 3. Comparison with Deficits.- F. Conclusions.- I. Functional Connectivity.- 1. Lateralization of Function.- 2. Disinhibition of Target Structures.- 3. The Extrapyramidal Motor System.- II. Dopamine System.- 1. Mismatch Between Negative and Positive Image.- 2. Paradoxical Kinesia.- 3. Neuronal Activity in Target Areas l#)