Systematically describes the physical and materials properties of copper-based quaternary chalcogenide semiconductor materials, enabling their potential for photovoltaic device applications.
Intended for scientists and engineers, in particular, in the fields of multinary semiconductor physics and a variety of photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.
Preface ix
Abbreviations and Acronyms xi
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Natural Abundance of Elements in the Earth’s Crust 1
1.1.1 Chemical Elements 1
1.1.2 Solar Cells and Earth-Abundant Materials 4
1.2 Solar Radiation Spectrum 5
1.3 Shockley–Queisser Efficiency Limit 6
1.4 Fundamental Properties of Photovoltaic Semiconductor Materials 8
1.5 Solar Cell Device Characteristics 11
1.6 Prediction of Physical Properties for Complex Material System 13
1.6.1 An Effective Medium Approximation 13
1.6.2 An Interpolation Scheme 15
References 19
2 Structural Properties 21
2.1 Grimm–Sommerfeld Rule 21
2.2 Crystal Structure and Phase Stability 22
2.2.1 Crystal Structure 22
2.2.2 Theoretical Phase Stability 24
2.3 Lattice Constant and Related Parameters 25
2.3.1 Bulk Material 25
2.3.2 Nanocrystalline Material 52
2.4 Structural Phase Transition 58
References 61
3 Thermal Properties 67
3.1 Phase Diagram 67
3.1.1 Cu2Zlc!
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