A critique of the treatment of the right to freedom of religion within the UN and Europe, first published in 2005.Freedom of thought, conscience and religion is one of the core freedoms found in international human rights instruments at both UN and European level. This timely study is the first to provide a detailed critique of the standards applicable to freedom of religion. UN and European standards are examined side-by-side in order to highlight the rationale for any apparent departures between the two systems and to determine the level of recognition given to different aspects of the freedom.Freedom of thought, conscience and religion is one of the core freedoms found in international human rights instruments at both UN and European level. This timely study is the first to provide a detailed critique of the standards applicable to freedom of religion. UN and European standards are examined side-by-side in order to highlight the rationale for any apparent departures between the two systems and to determine the level of recognition given to different aspects of the freedom.The scale and variety of acts of religious intolerance evident in so many countries today are of enormous contemporary concern. This timely study attempts a thorough and systematic analysis of both Universal and European practice. The standards applicable to freedom of religion are subjected to a detailed critique, and their development and implementation within the UN is distinguished from that within Strasbourg, in order to discern trends and obstacles to their advancement.Preface; List of abbreviations; Table of cases, applications and communications; Table of treaties, declarations, and other international instruments; 1. Introduction; 2. Freedom of religious choice; 3. The scope of the forum internum beyond religious choice; 4. The right to manifest religious belief and applicable limitations; 5. Conclusion; Annexes; Bibliography; Index. As an exercise in comparing European and Internationalc%