The botanical and ecological literature is brought together in this book in order to discuss the morphological, reproductive and physiological characteristics of these microscopic organisms.Nine contributors reveal the morphological, reproductive, and physiological characteristics of these microscopic organisms as adaptive evolutionary strategies for survival in stressful and seasonally changing aquatic habitats.Nine contributors reveal the morphological, reproductive, and physiological characteristics of these microscopic organisms as adaptive evolutionary strategies for survival in stressful and seasonally changing aquatic habitats.Nine contributors bring both the phycological (i.e., botanical) and limnological (i.e., ecological) literature into focus to reveal the morphological, reproductive, and physiological characteristics of these microscopic organisms as adaptive evolutionary strategies for survival in stressful and seasonally changing aquatic habitats. The synthesis of these literatures from an organismal and evolutionary perspective is unique. The following important groups of planktonic algae are considered: cyanobacteria, green algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates, cryptomonads, and chrysophyte flagellates. For each algal group, the importance of both growth and loss processes influencing biogeography and seasonality is emphasized.1. General introduction Craig D. Sandgren; 2. The ecology of chrysophyte flagellates: their growth and perennation strategies as freshwater phytoplankton Craig D. Sandgren; 3. Ecology of the cryptomonadida - a first review Dag Klaveness; 4. Freshwater peridinoid dinoflagellates: growth, reproduction strategies and population dynamics Utsa Pollingher; 5. Ecology of freshwater planktonic green algae Christine M. Happey-Wood; 6. Growth and survival strategies of plankton diatoms Ulrich Sommer; 7. Growth and reproductive strategies of freshwater blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) Hans W. Paerl; 8. Physiological mechanisms in phytoplanktlS+