The North is being increasingly confronted with a new phenomenon of migration: the so-called 'health tourism' of irregular migrants. One can already recognize a tendency among would-be migrants who either overstay their visas, or arrive under the pretext of being asylum-seekers, to come to the North with the intention of receiving medical treatment, in particular complicated surgery or other expensive forms of treatment, which they cannot get in their countries of origin, certainly not free of charge. Moreover, many others use 'illness' as a pretext or a reason for not being returned, or to obtain leave of stay. In this respect one needs to take into account that public health services in most Western European and North American countries are already overloaded as a consequence of modern medical developments, but also in view of the general increase in the percentage of old people among the population. Inmany countries there are long waiting lists for non-urgent operations and contributions to health systems have to be constantly increased in order to cover the extensive costs of modern medical treatment.Preface Willibald Pahr; Acknowledgements; Introduction Peter van Krieken; The Noordwijkerhout First Steps; 1. HUMAN RIGHTS AND HEALTH: 1.1 The human rights debate: health Johan Feitsma; First and second generation: indivisibility Peter van Krieken, Willibald Pahr and Cees Flinterman; Right to health Andr? den Exter, Herbert Hermans, Peter van Krieken and Birgit Toebes; General comments Peter van Krieken, Andr? den Exter, Herbert Hermans and Cees Flinterman; 1.2 Legal texts: health; 1.3 General comment on the right to health GC 14 (2000); 2. HEALTH: 2.1 International norms: a survey on WHO's standard-setting Sabrina van Miltenburg; 2.2 Diseases; 2.3 The WHO model list of essential drugs as a standard of care? Hans Hogerzeil; 2.4 The WHO essential drugs list; 2.5 Sachs, The Economist and Health; 2.6 Third world realities: examples of non-inclusion Pierre Mercenier; 3.lÓ„