Industrial Electron Accelerators and Applications [Paperback]

Beams of accelerated particles are of particular importance in researching the structure of matter, for example, the structure of elementary particles and nature of nuclear forces. The present book reviews the problems concerned both with generation of accelerated particles and with application of electron beams for exerting chemical, thermal and other effects on matter. The book is designed for experts specializing in designing and servicing electron accelerators or developing new production processes with the use of accelerated particles.1 Introduction.- 1.1 Brief Review of Electron Accelerator Development and Application of Radiation Effect.- 1.2 Types of Radiation and Units of Measurement.- 1.3 Beams of Accelerated Charged Particles: General Concepts.- 1.4 Isotopic Sources.- 1.5 Application of Beams of Accelerated Charged Particles and Other Kinds of Radiation.- 2 Interaction of Radiation with Matter and Applications of Electron Accelerators.- 2.1 Ionizing Effect of Electrom Beam.- 2.2 Generation of Bremsstrahlung.- 2.3 Penetration of Bremsstrahlung through Matter.- 2.4 Photonuclear Reactions.- 2.5 Electric Charge in Materials under Irradiation.- 2.6 Radiation Defectoscopy.- 2.7 Activation Analysis.- 2.8 Maintenance of Non-Self-Maintained Discharge in Electroionization Laser.- 2.9 Synchrotron Radiation.- 3 Chemical Processes Occurring Under the Effect of Ionizing Radiation.- 3.1 Peculiarities of Radiochemical Processes.- 3.2 Radiation Polymerization.- 3.3 Radiation Cross-linking of Polymers.- 3.4 Radiation Destruction of Polymers.- 3.5 Combination Processes.- 3.6 Processes in Gas-Phase Matter.- 4 Irradiation of Biological Objects.- 4.1 Physicochemical Basis of Radiobiological Processes.- 4.2 Sterilization of Medical Materials.- 4.3 Preservation of Foodstuff.- 4.4 Deinsectization of Grain.- 4.5 Presowing Irradiation of Seeds.- 4.6 Inhibiting Germination of Crops in Storage.- 4.7 Radiation Selection.- 4.8 Radiation Therapy.- 4.9 Biomaterials.- 4.10 Sterilization olS1