This book was inspired by the revolution in geographical information systems during the late 1970s and 1980s which introduced to many the concept of computer-based information systems for spatially referenced data. The map, the aerial photograph and the satellite image were wedded to a database of textual information through the rapidly developing technology of powerful graphics workstations. This brought the skills of the geographer to a wide range of disciplines and specialists. But this book is not about the basic concepts of geographical information systems themselves. It is not about hardware or software per se, nor the integral concepts of geo-referenced data handling built into such systems; these are to be found in a growing number of introductory texts on the subject. Instead the focus of this book is on of geo-information management. the much wider issues While an understanding of the systems, their capabilities and limitations is necessary, of greater importance to the long term application of geographical understanding to problem solving is the wider context of information handling. Spatial data are becoming increasingly important in understanding the issues that confront the world. Chapter 1 is a discussion of the general issues which relate to management and information systems. It concludes with review of spatial decision support systems which are of increasing importance to the GIS community.1: Information management.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Spatial data systems.- 1.3 Decision making.- 1.4 Organisations and their objectives.- 1.5 The management of information.- 1.6 Information networks.- 1.7 Information systems.- 1.8 Geo-information systems.- 1.9 Spatial decision support systems.- 2: Data for geo-information systems.- 2.1 Data into information.- 2.2 Describing geographic location.- 2.3 Objects and hierarchies.- 2.4 Maps and cartographic representation.- 2.5 Considerations in using maps.- 2.6 Map-based geo-information systems.- 2.7 Data derived from sl£Ó