This book explains how religious politics, repressive institutions, and leaders' political strategies intersected in the US Global War on Terror.This book explains the reactions of Muslim states to the US Global War on Terror. It combines cutting-edge research on religion and politics, and the study of political institutions, to advance a novel explanation that will be of interest to those studying religion, terrorism, the Middle East, and US foreign policy.This book explains the reactions of Muslim states to the US Global War on Terror. It combines cutting-edge research on religion and politics, and the study of political institutions, to advance a novel explanation that will be of interest to those studying religion, terrorism, the Middle East, and US foreign policy.The US Global War on Terror and earlier US counterterrorism efforts prompted a variety of responses from Muslim states despite widespread Islamic opposition. Some cooperated extensively, some balked at US policy priorities, and others vacillated between these extremes. This book explains how differing religion-state relationships, regimes' political calculations, and Islamic politics combined to produce patterns of tensions and cooperation between the United States and Muslim states over counterterrorism, using rigorous quantitative analysis and case studies of Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkey. The book combines recent advances in the study of political institutions with work on religion and politics to advance a novel theory of religion and international relations that will be of value to anyone studying religion, terrorism, or Islamic politics. It also provides numerous insights into current events in the Middle East by extending its analysis to the Arab Spring and the rise of the Islamic State.Introduction: understanding US-Muslim counterterrorism cooperation; 2. Religion-state relationships and religious politics; 3. Muslim states and counterterrorism; 4. Counterterrorism cooperation l³6