In this book, leading experts in the theoretical and applied aspects of inverse problems offer extended surveys on several important topics.There have been substantial developments in the mathematical theory of inverse problems over the last twenty years and applications have expanded greatly in medical imaging, geophysical exploration, and non-destructive evaluation. In this book, leading experts in the theoretical and applied aspects of inverse problems offer extended surveys on several important topics in modern inverse problems, such as microlocal analysis, reflection seismology, tomography, inverse scattering, and X-ray transforms.There have been substantial developments in the mathematical theory of inverse problems over the last twenty years and applications have expanded greatly in medical imaging, geophysical exploration, and non-destructive evaluation. In this book, leading experts in the theoretical and applied aspects of inverse problems offer extended surveys on several important topics in modern inverse problems, such as microlocal analysis, reflection seismology, tomography, inverse scattering, and X-ray transforms.There have been substantial developments in the mathematical theory of inverse problems over the last twenty years and applications have expanded greatly in medical imaging, geophysical exploration, and non-destructive evaluation. In this book, leading experts in the theoretical and applied aspects of inverse problems offer extended surveys on several important topics in the field, such as microlocal analysis, reflection seismology, tomography, inverse scattering, and X-ray transforms.Preface; 1. Introduction to the mathematics of computed tomography Adel Faridani; 2. The attenuated X-ray transform: recent developments David V. Finch; 3. Inverse acoustic and electromagnetic scattering theory David Colton; 4. Inverse problems in transport theory Plamen Stefanov; 5. Near-field tomography P. Scott Carney and John C. Schotland; 6. Inverse problls1