Petroleum Hydrocarbons [Paperback]

Analyses data on the composition, structure and formation ofvarious petroleum hydrocarbons: the alkanes, cycloalkanesand arenes. Attention is paid to biological markers, com-pounds that may have preserved the main structural featuresof the original biogenic molecules. Concepts of chemicalclassification of crude oils are reviewed with respect tothe molecular mass distribution of biological markers, andthe genesis and chemical evolution of petroleum hydrocarbonsare discussed.1 General Characteristics of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Molecular and Group-Type Methods of Analysis and Classification.- Biological Markers and Transformed Hydrocarbons.- Homology of Biological Markers.- Chemical Classification of Crude Oils.- Group-Type Distribution of Naphthenic Hydrocarbons in Crudes (Naphthenic Fingerprint).- 2 C5C40 Alkanes.- Gas Chromatography in the Analysis of Alkanes.- Quantitative Distribution of Alkanes in Petroleums Possible Ways of Alkane Formation.- 3 Cycloalkanes (Naphthenes).- C7C10 Monocyclic Naphthenes.- C12C25 Monocyclic Naphthenes.- Trimethyl-Substituted Cyclohexanes with Isoprenoid Chains (Cyclohexanes of the Carotenoid Type).- Bicyclic Naphthenes.- Tricyclic Naphthenes.- Tetracyclic Naphthenes.- Steranes.- Triterpenoid Hydrocarbons. Hopanes.- 4 Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Arenes).- Group-Type Distribution of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude Oils (Aromatic Fingerprint).- Monoaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Diaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Triaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Aromatic Steroid Hydrocarbons.- Aromatic Triterpenoids and Hopanes.- Other Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons.- 5 Sources and Reactions of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Formation.- Sources of Petroleum Hydrocarbons.- Transformations of Organic Molecules in Sediments (Dia- and Catagenesis).- Compositional Transformations of Coal Hydrocarbons at Various Stages of Catagenesis.- Laboratory Simulation of Petroleum Formation Reactions (Aluminosilicates as Catalysts).- 6 Transformations of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in NatulsF