This book is a fascinating survey of nineteenth-century republicanism, the first of its kind this century. It investigates why it was that although France was one of the first countries in modern Europe to become a republic in 1792, it was nearly a hundred years before a republic was acceptable to the majority. Pamela Pilbeam suggests that republicanism was a witch's brew of Enlightenment rationality, bloody memories and conflicting socialist expectations. The book concludes that the successful republic of 1871 used the rhetoric of democracy to conceal persistent elitism.Introduction.- The Republic: Idea and Image.- Historians and the Republic.- The Legacy of the First Republic and the Napoleonic Empire.- Conspirators and Parliamentarians: Republicans 1814-30.- Revolution and Popular Unrest: Republicans 1830-35.- The Republic Outlawed. Insurrection and Reform 1835-48.- Socialist Utopians and Reformers before 1848.- Universal Suffrage and the 'Right to Work': The Second Republic February to April 1848.- The June Days; Bonapartism; The Decline and Fall of the Second Republic.- From the Silent Years to Bloody Week: Republicans 1852-71.- Conclusion.- Chronological Table.- Biographical Sketches.- Bibliography.- Index.PAMELA M. PILBEAM is Reader in Modern European History at Royal Holloway and Bedfore New College, University of London. She has also taught at the universsities of Toronto, York (Ontario) and in 1993, at the University of British Colombia. She is author of Middle Classes in Europe, 1789-1914; The 1830 Revolution in France, Themes in Modern European History, 1780-1830 (Routledge) and is currently preparing a book on The Early Socialists and the Social Question in Nineteenth-Century France.