Many areas of Eastern Europe have been polluted to an extent unknown in the West. Four such sites - Kola Peninsula, northern Bohemia, upper Vistula Basin, and Katowice - have been identified and detailed accounts of the pollution at these sites are given. The current status of the use of biomarkers in hazard assessment is given by several scientists from NATO countries. Four working groups, comprising scientists working on the polluted sites and western scientists with expertise in biomarkers, examine the use of biomarkers to assess the environmental health of each of these areas and make recommendations on the future direction of remedial action in these areas.1. Key-Note Presentations.- Investigations of Pollution Problems in Eastern Europe and Russia.- 1. Dynamics of the Industrial Transformation of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Kola Subarctic.- 2. Biomonitoring in Northern Bohemia Mining Area, Czech Republic.- 3. The Environmental Situation in the Upper Vistula Basin (Southern Poland).- 4. Ecological Problems of the Katowice Administrative District.- 5. Validation of Selected Biomarkers in Invertebrates from the Polluted Silesian Region.- 6. Genetic and Oncogenic Consequences of Chemical and Radiation Pollution of the Kuzbass and Altai Regions.- 7. Using Various Biomarkers for the Estimation of the Situation after an Accident at Siberian Chemical Plant.- 8. Animals of the Katowice Administrative District (KAD). Pollution in the Past and Present.- 9. The Use of Biomarkers in Hazard Assessment.- 10. Biomarkers in Plants.- 11. Biomarkers in Invertebrates. Evaluating the Effects of Chemicals on Populations and Communities from Biochemical and Physiological Changes in Individuals.- 12. The Use of Biomarkers in Vertebrates.- 2. Working Groups Reports.- 1. Report of the Working Group on the Katowice Administrative District, Poland: A Review of Research Done to Date, and Recommendations for Future Research.- 2. Report of the Working Group on the Katowice AdminlsI