Emphasizing the political discourse and conflict that have surrounded Japanese education, this book focuses on the three main issues of central versus local control, elitism versus equality, and nationalism versus universalism.New Perspectives on Asian History -- -- Preface -- Introduction -- Clarifying Loyalty and Filial Piety: 1800-1850s -- Knowledge from Throughout the World: The Reforms of the 1870s -- Assimilating the Elements: 1879-1905 -- To Liberate Education from Bureaucratic Control: 1905-1931 -- Mobilizing the Spirit of the Nation: 1931-1945 -- Stamping out the Bad, Stamping in the New: 1945-1950 -- Warfare Waged Between the Entrenched: 1950-1969 -- The Challenge of a New Era: 1970-1989 -- Our National Identity as Japanese: Post-ShMwa Japan -- About the Book and Author