This book explores the critical questions of how and why criminal justice policies emerge, and examines how criminal justice policy is understood and applied by practitioners. It questions whether diversity in implementation implies policy failure or a sign of healthy activism among local practitioners.lied by practitioners.Rob Allen, Justice and PrisonsRose Broad, University of Manchester, UKMary Corcoran, Keele University, UKDavid Faulkner, University of Oxford, UKStewart Field, Cardiff Law School, UKPenelope Gibbs, Transform Justice, UKJohn Harding, Inner London Probation Service, UKJessica Jacobson, Birkbeck University of London, UKTheresa Lynch, University of Birmingham, UKKatrina Morrison, Edinburgh Napier University, UKPeter Neyroud, University of Cambridge, UKSotirios Santatzoglou, Keele University, UKMolly Slothower, University of Maryland, USARoger Smith, University of Durham, UKJon Spencer, University of Manchester, UKChris Stanley, Former Magistrate and Trustee of the Michael Sieff Foundation, UKMartin Wasik, Keele University, UKAlexandra Wigzell, University of Cambridge, UKAnne Worrall, Keele University, UK