An edited collection exploring political misuse of archaeology for nationalistic purposes.Archaeology has often been put to political use, particularly by nationalists. This timely collection ranges from propaganda purposes served by archaeology in the Nazi state to lesser-known instances of ideological archaeology elsewhere. It raises questions concerning history and anthropology as well.Archaeology has often been put to political use, particularly by nationalists. This timely collection ranges from propaganda purposes served by archaeology in the Nazi state to lesser-known instances of ideological archaeology elsewhere. It raises questions concerning history and anthropology as well.Archaeology has often been put to political use, particularly by nationalists. This timely collection ranges from propaganda purposes served by archaeology in the Nazi state to lesser-known instances of ideological archaeology elsewhere. A distinguished group of international scholars highlights common threads in these experiences, arguing that archaeologists need to be more sophisticated about the use and abuse of their studies. The book raises cogent questions concerning not only archaeology, but also history and anthropology in general.Part I. Introduction: Archaeology in the Service of the State: Theoretical Considerations Philip L. Kohl and Clare Fawcett; Part II. Western Europe: 1. Civilization, barbarism, and nationalism in European archaeology Bernard Wailes and Amy L. Zoll; 2. Archaeology and nationalism in Spain Margarita Diaz-Andreu; 3. Nationalism and Copper Age research in Portugal during the Salazar Regime (19321974) Katina T. Lillios; 4. Archaeology in Nazi Germany: the legacy of Faustian bargain Bettina Arnold and Henning Hassman; 5. Nazi and eco-feminist prehistories: ideology and empiricism in Indo-European archaeology David W. Anthony; Part III. Eastern Europe and Eurasia: 6. Archaeology and ideology in Southeast Europe Timothy Kaiser; 7. From internationalism to lH