Solder Joint Technology Materials, Properties, and Reliability [Hardcover]

The European Unions directive banning the use of lead-based (Pb) solders in electronic consumer products has created an urgent need for research on solder joint behavior under various driving forces in electronic manufacturing, and for development of lead-free solders. This book provides a comprehensive examination of advanced materials reliability issues related to copper-tin reaction and electromigration in solder joints, and presents methods for preventing common reliablity problems.

Solder joints are ubiquitous in electronic consumer products. The European Union has a directive to ban the use of Pb-based solders in these products on July 1^st, 2006. There is an urgent need for an increase in the research and development of Pb-free solders in electronic manufacturing. For example, spontaneous Sn whisker growth and electromigration induced failure in solder joints are serious issues. These reliability issues are quite complicated due to the combined effect of electrical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal forces on solder joints. To improve solder joint reliability, the science of solder joint behavior under various driving forces must be understood. In this book, the advanced materials reliability issues related to copper-tin reaction and electromigration in solder joints are emphasized and methods to prevent these reliability problems are discussed.

Introduction. -Surface mount technology, pin-through-hole technology, & flip chip technology. -Reliability issues of solder joints: spalling, low cycle fatigue, electromigration, ductile-to-brittle transition in impact, Sn whisker. -Trend in electronic packaging: Chip-packaging interaction, more IMC formation in smaller solder joints. -Cu-Sn reaction in bulk samples. -Wetting reaction in bulk samples of eutectic SnPb on Cu foil. -Ternary phase diagram of Sn-Pb-Cu. -Wetting reaction in bulk samples of Pb-free solders on Cu foil . -Solid state reaction in bulS’