Solid State Chemistry: An Introduction [Hardcover]

Chapter 1  An Introduction to Crystal Structures

Jennifer E. Readman and Lesley E. Smart

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Close packing

1.3 Body-centred and Primitive Structures

1.4 Lattices and Unit Cells

1.4.1 Lattices

1.4.2 One- and Two- Dimensional Unit Cells

1.4.3 Three-Dimensional Lattices and Their Unit Cells

1.5 Crystalline solids

1.5.1 Unit cell stoichiometry and Fractional Coordinates

1.5.2 Ionic Solids with Formula MX

1.5.2.1 Caesium Chloride

1.5.2.2 Sodium Chloride

1.5.2.3 Zinc Blende & Wurtzite

1.5.2.4 Nickel Arsenide

1.5.3 Solids with General Formula MX2

1.5.3.1 Fluorite and Anti-Fluorite

1.5.3.2 Cadmium Chloride and Cadmium Iodide

1.5.3.3 Rutile

1.5.3.4 -Cristobalite

1.5.4 Other Important Crystal Structures

1.5.4.1 Rhenium trioxide

1.5.4.2 Perovskite

1.5.4.3 Spinel and Inverse Spinel

1.5.5 Miscellaneous Oxides

1.6 Ionic Radii and the Radius Ratio Rule

1.7 Extended Covalent Arrays

1.8 Molecular Structures

1.9 Lattice Energy

1.9.1 Born-Haber Cycle

1.9.2 Calculating Lattice Enthalpies

1.9.3 Calculations Using Thermodynamic Cycles and Lattice Energies

1.10 Symmetry

1.10.1 Symmetry Notation

1.10.2 Axes of Symmetry

1.10.3 Planes of Symmetry

1.10.4 Inversion

1.10.5 Inversion Axes, Improper Symmetry Axes, and the Identity Element

1.10.6 Operations