Stimulation of Fracture Healing with Ultrasound [Paperback]

Every bone fracture must be held rigid and, because of the long healing process, infringes on the individual's life-style. Treatment with ultrasound, however, may reduce the healing time 30-50% since the piezoelectric effect of ultrasound acts as a callus stimulator. This book documents more than twenty years of clinical experience with ultrasound treatment of fractures. The authors give statistical evidence and show numerous X-rays to document their success. They also include a summary of experimental studies. The method is described in detail so that the practicing physician can easily learn how to apply it.Every bone fracture must be held rigid and, because of the long healing process, infringes on the individual's life-style. Treatment with ultrasound, however, may reduce the healing time 30-50% since the piezoelectric effect of ultrasound acts as a callus stimulator. This book documents more than twenty years of clinical experience with ultrasound treatment of fractures. The authors give statistical evidence and show numerous X-rays to document their success. They also include a summary of experimental studies. The method is described in detail so that the practicing physician can easily learn how to apply it.1 Introduction.- 2 Methods of Clinical Application.- 2.1 Indications and Contraindications.- 2.2 Technique.- 3 Clinical Results.- 3.1 Radial Fractures.- 3.2 Scaphoid Fractures.- 3.3 Metacarpal Fractures.- 3.4 Phalangeal Fractures.- 3.5 Forearm Fractures.- 3.6 Humeral Fractures.- 3.7 Clavicular Fractures.- 3.8 Malleolar Fractures.- 3.9 Tibial Fractures.- 3.10 Femoral Fractures.- 3.11 Patellar Fractures.- 3.12 Calcaneal Fractures.- 3.13 Metatarsal Fractures.- 4 How did we Come to use Ultrasound?.- 5 What is Ultrasound?.- 5.1 Physical Parameters.- 5.2 Characteristics of Ultrasound Therapy.- 5.3 Types of Ultrasound.- 5.4 Mechanisms of Action.- 5.5 The Piezoelectric Effect in Bone.- 5.6 Ultrasound Conductivity.- 6 Animal Experiments.- 6.1 The Rabbit as an AnimalÓ|