Subjective Refraction and Prescribing Glasses: The Number One (or Number Two) Guide to Practical Techniques and Principles, Third Edition [Paperback]

Dedication Acknowledgments About the AuthorsPreface Foreword by David L. Guyton, MDIntroduction Chapter 1 Practical OpticsGoal of RefractionSix Principles of RefractionSnellen Visual AcuitySpherical Refractive ErrorsAstigmatismPresbyopiaFour Points About Correcting Presbyopia With an AddBifocalsReading GlassesTrifocalsProgressive Addition LensesComputer GlassesTwo Formulas: Spherical Equivalent and Plus-Minus Cylinder ConversionPinhole Chapter 2 Subjective Refraction and Lens PrescriptionThe PhoropterFeatures of the PhoropterPositioning the PatientThe Three Types of RefractionThe Four Steps of Subjective RefractionThe Adjustment Within Step 3Instructing the PatientNo ConversationManaging PausesWhen Straddling the AxisOver-MinusingEncouragementThree Patient ConcernsSixteen Tips for Accurate Subjective Refraction ResultsBefore Writing a Glasses PrescriptionShow and Compare What You Plan to GiveAlways!Trial RunAdditional Factors to Consider Prior to Making a Prescription ChangeNew PresbyopeTwo MythsSpecial SituationsFinal ConsiderationsSubjective Refraction Over Current Lenses (Spherical Over-Refraction)Near VisionUsing the Trial FrameRefraction Reminders Chapter 3 Case StudiesMyopiaHyperopiaAstigmatismPresbyopiaPresbyopia CorrectionRefractionSpecial Considerations When Prescribing GlassesAppendix How to Use the Manual Lensometer: Plus Cylinder MethodHow to Use the Manual Lensometer: Minus Cylinder MethodRetinoscopy Primer: Plus Cylinder MethodRetinoscopy Primer: Minus Cylinder Method Index

Basic refraction is a foundational part of ophthalmology, and yet beginning ophthalmology residents and ophthalmic technicians are often left on their own to learn the finer points.

Basic refraction is a foundational part of ophthalmology, and yet beginning ophthalmology residents and ophthalmic technicians are often left on their own to learn the finer points. Despite being core skills, the techniques and practical aspects of subjectivelSÑ