Translation and Language [Paperback]

1. Introduction

A troubled relationship
Langue/parole
Signifier/signified
Paradigmatic and syntagmatic: word sets and collocations
Sociolinguistics and pragmatics

2. Sub-Word Components

Sound
Morphemes
Componential analysis

3. Semantics

Semantic fields
Word relations
Connotation
Word meaning and translation

4. Translation Techniques

Russian approaches (Shveitser and Retsker)
Translation as 'analogy'
Translation as 'adequacy'
Concretization
Logical derivation
Antonymic translation
Compensation
The view from Canada (Vinay and Darbelnet)
Borrowing
Calque
Literal translation
Transposition
Modulation
?quivalence
Adaptation
An American model (Malone)
Matching: Substitution and Equation
Zigzagging: Divergence and Convergence
Recrescence: Amplification and Reduction
Repackaging: Diffusion and Condensation
Reordering
Critique

5. Equivalence

Catford and textual equivalence
Kida and dynamic equivalence
Komissarov's sharp and fuzzy equivalence

6. Beyond the Word

Generative grammar
Shveitser: translation and rewriting rules
Malone and bridge building

7. Beyond the Sentence: Context and Register

Context
Communicative event and register
Register
Register and language user
Register and language use
Register in paractice