Vortex, Molecular Spin and Nanovorticity An Introduction [Paperback]

The subject of this book is the physics of vortices. A detailed analysis of the dynamics of vortices will be presented. The important topics of vorticity and molecular spin will be dealt with, including the electromagnetic analogy and quantization in superfluids. The effect of molecular spin on the dynamics of molecular nano-confined fluids using the extended Navier-Stokes equations will also be covered especially important to the theory and applicability of nanofluidics and associated devices. The nanoscale boundary layer and nanoscale vortex core are regions of intense vorticity (molecular spin). It will be shown, based on molecular kinetic theory and thermodynamics, that the macroscopic (solid body) rotation must be accompanied by internal rotation of the molecules. Electric polarization of the internal molecular rotations about the local rotation axis the Barnett effect  occurs. In such a spin aligned system, major changes in the physical properties of the fluid result.This review of the physics of vortices covers the effects of molecular spin on the dynamics of molecular nano-confined fluids, including macroscopic and internal rotation, electrical polarization and other changes in the physical properties of the fluid.The Vortex.- Brief History.- Kinematics.- Definition of a Vortex.- Vorticity and Circulation.- Plane Circular Vortex.- Rankine Vortex.- Curved Vortex Lines, Tubes and Vortex Rings.- Translational Velocity of the Inviscid Vortex Ring.- Velocity of a Viscous Vortex Ring.- Hydrodynamic Impulse and Vortex Ring Generation.- The Spectral Range of Vortex Size.- Forces(Lift, Drag, Thrust, Torque) on Moving Submerged Bodies Due to Vortex Formation.- Aerodynamic Lift and Drag.- Analytical Derivation of Lift and Drag on a Cylinder.- Axial Thrust, Torque and Helical Vortices.- Some Other Kinds of Simple Vortices.- Intake and Inlet Vortices.- Clearance Vortices.- Multiple Point Vortices and Their Motion.- Quantum Vortices and the Hydrodynamics of Superfluidslsl