Advances in Nuclear Physics Volume 4 [Paperback]

1 The Investigation of Hole States in Nuclei by Means of Knockout and Other Reactions.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Formalism for Knockout and Pickup Reactions.- 2.1. The Matrix Element and Overlap Integral.- 2.2 The Single-Nucleon Case.- 2.3. The Two-Nucleon Case.- 2.4. The Multi-Nucleon Case.- 2.5. Distortion and Finite-Range Effects.- 3. Single-Nucleon Knockout and Related Reactions.- 3.1. Comparison of Knockout and Pickup Reactions.- 3.2. Special Features of Knockout Reactions.- 3.3. Spectroscopic Studies.- 3.4. Proton States.- 3.5. Neutron States.- 4. Cluster Knockout and Related Reactions.- 4.1. Comparison of Knockout and Absorption Processes.- 4.2. The Quasi-Free or Peripheral Model.- 4.3. The Microscopic Model.- 4.4. The Effect of Exchange.- 4.5. Spectroscopic Studies.- 4.6. Comparison with Pickup Reactions.- 5. Other Reactions.- 5.1. Pion Reactions.- 5.2. Kaon Capture.- 5.3. Coulomb Disintegration.- 5.4. Inelastic Scattering to the Continuum.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 High-Energy Scattering from Nuclei.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Models of High-Energy Scattering. Scattering of Objects with Preexisting Subunits.- 3. Existing Evidence Supporting Our Understanding of the High-Energy Scattering.- 3.1. Scattering from Deuteron.- 3.2. Scattering from 3He, 4He, 6Li, 7Li, and 9Be Targets.- 3.3. Scattering from 12C and 16O Targets.- 3.4. Scattering from 27A1, 64Cu, 208Pb, and 238U Targets.- 3.5. Total Cross Sections.- 4. Scattering of Objects without Preexisting Subunits. Scattering from Fluctuations.- 5. Prospects of what Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics Can Learn from High-Energy Nuclear Scattering.- 6. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix A.- Appendix B.- References.- 3 Nucleosynthesis by Charged-Particle Reactions.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Nuclear and Elemental Abundances.- 1.2. Possible Sites for Nucleosynthesis.- 1.3. Nucleosynthetic Processes.- 2. Charged-Particle Reaction Rates.- 2.1. General Case and Definitions.- l“.