Survey of the Chinese agricultural system and reforms introduced over the last twenty years.The successful agricultural reform carried out in China in the 1970s started encountering mounting difficulties from the mid-1980s, as growth rates dropped and prices increased sharply. This study analyses the different reform measures introduced in China in the last twenty years, and provides a full analysis of the existing agricultural system. Through careful examination of the political economy and of the different policy options,the author argues that China should push forward with its market-oriented reform measures and introduce the rigours of international competition into the agricultural sector.The successful agricultural reform carried out in China in the 1970s started encountering mounting difficulties from the mid-1980s, as growth rates dropped and prices increased sharply. This study analyses the different reform measures introduced in China in the last twenty years, and provides a full analysis of the existing agricultural system. Through careful examination of the political economy and of the different policy options,the author argues that China should push forward with its market-oriented reform measures and introduce the rigours of international competition into the agricultural sector.The successful agricultural reform carried out in China in the 1970s started encountering mounting difficulties from the mid-1980s, as growth rates dropped and prices increased sharply. This study analyzes the different reform measures introduced in China in the past twenty years, and provides a full analysis of the existing agricultural system. Through careful examination of the political economy and the different policy options, the author argues that China should push forward with its market-oriented reform measures and introduce the rigors of international competition into the agricultural sector.1. Getting markets to work in the countryside; 2. Institutional dilI