America's Uneven Democracy Race, Turnout, and Representation in City Politics [Paperback]

This book demonstrates that low and uneven voter turnout leads to disadvantages for racial and ethnic minorities and proposes a practical and cost-effective solution.By offering a systematic account of how and where voter turnout matters in local politics, this demonstrates that low and uneven turnout, a factor at play in most American cities, leads to sub-optimal outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities. Zoltan Hajnals research confirms long held suspicions about the under-representation of minorities and proposes a practical and cost-effective solution to the problem.By offering a systematic account of how and where voter turnout matters in local politics, this demonstrates that low and uneven turnout, a factor at play in most American cities, leads to sub-optimal outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities. Zoltan Hajnals research confirms long held suspicions about the under-representation of minorities and proposes a practical and cost-effective solution to the problem.Although there is a widespread belief that uneven voter turnout leads to biased outcomes in American democracy, existing empirical tests have found few effects. By offering a systematic account of how and where turnout matters in local politics, this book challenges much of what we know about turnout in America today. It demonstrates that low and uneven turnout, a factor at play in most American cities, leads to sub-optimal outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities. Low turnout results in losses in mayoral elections, less equitable racial and ethnic representation on city councils, and skewed spending policies. The importance of turnout confirms long held suspicions about the under-representation of minorities and raises normative concerns about local democracy. Fortunately, this book offers a solution. Analysis of local participation indicates that a small change to local election timing  a reform that is cost effective and relatively easy to enact- could dramatically expand local votl£>