This book describes the access to justice crisis facing low- and middle-income Americans and the current reforms to address it.This book provides the most systematic account to date of the access to justice crisis in civil courtrooms for low- and middle-income Americans. The successful reform efforts in technology, pro bono services, bar association resources, and law student representation outlined here will be of interest to lawyers, judges, and policymakers.This book provides the most systematic account to date of the access to justice crisis in civil courtrooms for low- and middle-income Americans. The successful reform efforts in technology, pro bono services, bar association resources, and law student representation outlined here will be of interest to lawyers, judges, and policymakers.Are Americans making under $50,000 a year compelled to navigate the legal system on their own, or do they simply give up because they cannot afford lawyers? We know anecdotally that Americans of median or lower income generally do without legal representation or resort to a sector of the legal profession that - because of the sheer volume of claims, inadequate training, and other causes - provides deficient representation and advice. This book poses the question: can we - at the current level of resources, both public and private - better address the legal needs of all Americans? Leading judges, researchers, and activists discuss the role of technology, pro bono services, bar association resources, affordable solo and small firm fees, public service internships, and law student and nonlawyer representation.Foreword; Overview; Overview; Beyond elite law: editors' introduction; Part I. Current State of Access to Legal Services by Working Americans: 1. Access to civil justice in America: what do we know?; 2. Life in the law-thick world: the legal resource landscape for ordinary Americans; 3. The need for a national civil justice survey of incidence and claiming behavior; 4. When doló"