Change, Chance, and Optimality [Hardcover]

This book is about how languages change. It is also a devastating critique of a widespread linguistic orthodoxy. April McMahon argues that to provide a convincing explanation of linguistic change the roles of history and contingency must be accommodated in linguistic theory. She also shows that theoretical work in related disciplines can be used to assess the value of such theories.

Optimality Theory, or OT as it is usually called, dominates contemporary phonology, especially in the USA, and is becoming increasingly influential in syntax and language acquisition. Having set out its basis principles, Professor McMahon assesses their explanatory power in analysing language change and its residues in current phonological systems. Using cross-linguistic data, and drawing comparisons with other theories inside and outside linguistics, she shows that OT is incapable of accounting for language change, without the addition of rules and an appreciation of chance and historical contingency that would then undermine its theoretical underpinnings.


Chapter 1: Optimality Theory: The Basics
Chapter 2: Optimality in a Complex World: Additions and Extensions
Chapter 3: Constraints, Causation, and Change
Chapter 4: Cognates and Comparisons: Natural Morphology and Neo-Darwinian Evolutionary Biology
Chapter 5: The Emergence of the Innate: Evolving Optimality
Chapter 6: Optimality and Optimism: The Panglossian Paradigm

A stunning book, elegantly argued and deftly written. A major theoretical critique, confronting Optimality Theory and other formalist innatist paradigms with the realities of evolutionary biology and neuroscience. One of the most important and sophisticated works in phonological theory of the past couple of decades. --Roger Lass, University of Cape Town

This book is a careful study of some of the fundamental issues underpinning current linguistics, especially Optimality Theory, and it is a very welcome and timely contribl³°