The Collagens Biochemistry and Pathophysiology [Paperback]

1 Introduction: Historical Outline.- 2 Structure, Heterogeneity, and Distribution.- 2.1 Basic Nomenclature.- 2.2 Triple-Chain Helical Structure.- 2.3 Distribution.- 2.4 Classification and General Structural Features of the Collagens.- 2.5 Type I, Type II, Type III Collagens, and Type I-Trimer Collagen.- 2.6 Type IV Collagen.- 2.7 Type V Collagen.- 2.8 Type VI Collagen.- 2.9 Type VII Collagen.- 2.10 Type VIII Collagen.- 2.11 Type IX Collagen.- 2.12 Type X Collagen.- 2.13 Type XI Collagen.- 2.14 Type XII Collagen.- 2.15 Type XIII Collagen.- 2.16 Proteins Containing a Collagenlike Sequence.- 2.16.1 Acetylcholinesterase.- 2.16.2 Mammalian Lectins.- 2.16.2.1 Complement Component C1q.- 2.16.2.2 Conglutinin.- 2.16.2.3 Mannan-Binding Protein.- 2.16.2.4 Lung Surfactant Protein.- 3 Biosynthesis of Collagen.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Procollagen Genes.- 3.3 Cleavage of the Signal Peptide.- 3.4 Hydroxylation of Proline and Lysine Residues.- 3.5 Glycosylation of Hydroxylysine Residues.- 3.6 Glycosylation of Asparagine Residues.- 3.7 Chain Association, Disulfide Bonding, and Formation of the Helical Structure.- 3.8 Conversion of Procollagen to Collagen.- 3.9 Formation of the Supramolecular Structures.- 3.10 Cross-Linking of Collagen.- 3.11 Interaction of Collagen with Components of the Extracellular Matrix.- 3.11.1 General Remarks.- 3.11.2 Collagen-Proteoglycan Interactions.- 3.11.3 Structural Glycoproteins.- 3.11.3.1 Fibronectin.- 3.11.3.2 Laminin.- 3.11.3.3 Entactin and Nitogen.- 3.11.3.4 Chondrionectin.- 3.11.3.5 Fibromodulin.- 4 Degradation.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 General Pathways of Collagen Degradation.- 4.3 Depolymerization.- 4.4 Tissue Collagenases.- 4.5 Collagenolytic Cathepsins.- 4.6 Gelatinases and Collagen Peptidase.- 4.7 Collagenolytic Enzymes of Microbial Origin.- 5 Turnover and Regulation of Collagen Metabolism.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Transcriptional and Translational Control of Collagen Synthesis.- 5.3 Regulation of Collagen Synthesis at the Intracellular Posttranló,