This book examines the ethical controversies that have surrounded the design and conduct of international medical research carried out in developing countries.This book examines the ethical controversies that have surrounded the design and conduct of international medical research sponsored by industrialized countries or industry, and carried out in developing countries. Is it acceptable to lower the ethical standards adopted in the industrialized world when carrying out research in developing or resource-poor countries? This is the first book to examine these issues, drawing the bold conclusion that double standards in medical research are ethically unacceptable.This book examines the ethical controversies that have surrounded the design and conduct of international medical research sponsored by industrialized countries or industry, and carried out in developing countries. Is it acceptable to lower the ethical standards adopted in the industrialized world when carrying out research in developing or resource-poor countries? This is the first book to examine these issues, drawing the bold conclusion that double standards in medical research are ethically unacceptable.This book examines the ethical controversies that have surrounded the design and conduct of international medical research sponsored by industrialized countries or industry, and carried out in developing countries. Is it acceptable to lower the ethical standards adopted in the industrialized world when carrying out research in developing, or resource-poor, countries? Ruth Macklin concludes that double standards in medical research are ethically unacceptable.1. International research contested: controversies and debates; 2. Maintaining ethical standards in research; 3. Striving for justice in research; 4. Avoiding exploitation; 5. providing safeguards: informed consent and review of research; 6. Making drugs affordable; 7. Respecting, protecting, and fulfilling human rights; 8. Striving for a single standlL