Errors in Language Learning and Useis an up-to-date introduction and guide to the study of errors in language, and is also a critical survey of previous work. Error Analysis occupies a central position within Applied Linguistics, and seeks to clarify questions such as `Does correctness matter?', `Is it more important to speak fluently and write imaginatively or to communicate one's message?'
Carl James provides a scholarly and well-illustrated theoretical and historical background to the field of Error Analysis. The reader is led from definitions of error and related concepts, to categorization of types of linguistic deviance, discussion of error gravities, the utility of teacher correction and towards writing learner profiles. Throughout, the text is guided by considerable practical experience in language education in a range of classroom contexts worldwide.
General editor's preface
Author's preface
Abbreviations
1. Definition and Delimitation
Human error
Successive paradigms
Interlanguage and the veto on comparison
Learners and native speakers
The heyday of Error Analysis
Mounting criticism of Error Analysis
Data collection for Error Analysis
2. The Scope of Error Analysis
Good English for the English
Good English for the L2 learner
The native speaker and the power dimension
The Incompleteness hypothesis
3. Defining 'Error'
Ignorance
Measures of deviance
Other Dimensions of Error: Error and Mistake
Error: Mistake and Acquisition: Learning - An Equation?
Lapsology
4. The Description of Errors
Error detection
Describing errors
Error Classification
Error Taxonomies
Counting errors
Profiling anlc7