Evolutionary Biology [Paperback]

1. Maintenance of a Hereditary Virus: The Sigma Virus in Populations of Its Host, Drosophila melanogaster.- French Populations of Drosophila melanogaster.- Polymorphism of Populations.- Characteristics of Wild Strains of the Sigma Virus.- Effects of the Infection upon Carriers.- Experimental Populations.- Maintenance of the Virus in French Natural Populations.- Geographical Variation of the DrosophilaSigma System.- Polymorphism of Populations.- Viral Characteristics.- Tentative Interpretation of the Geographical Pattern Observed.- Other Systems of Vertically Transmitted Viruses.- Existence of Different Sensitivities to the Virus.- Characteristics of the Viruses.- Maintenance in the Vector Population.- Appendix: Transmission of Stabilized and Nonstabilized Conditions.- Self-Maintenance of Stabilized Condition through Maternal Lineage.- Nonstabilized Condition.- References.- 2. Domestication: Evolutionary Change under Stress.- Environmental Change and Domestication.- Ecological Phenotypes.- Behavioral Phenotypes.- Adaptation to Laboratory Conditions.- A Case Study: Domestication in Foxes.- Discussion.- Summary.- References.- 3. Range Expansion and Its Genetic Consequences in Populations of the Giant Toad, Bufo marinus.- The Spread of Bufo marinus.- The Introductions.- The Australian Range Expansion.- Genetic Variation in the Introduced Populations.- The Data.- Genetic Variability.- Effective Population Size.- Dispersal, Gene Flow, and Neighborhood Size.- The Genetic Effects of Range Expansion.- Geographical Patterns of Variation.- Conclusion.- References.- 4. Evolution by Social Selection.- Concept of Social Selection.- Evidence for Social Selection.- Multiple Neurofibromatosis.- Huntington Disease.- Mental Retardation.- Schizophrenia.- Social Selection Models.- Autosomal Genes.- X-Linked Genes.- Random Genetic Drift and Variable Selection Intensity.- Maternal Effects.- DNA Polymorphism and Social Selection.- Discussion.- Summary.- References.- 5. The Influence of Tal3°