Evolutionary Biology Volume 6 [Paperback]

1 George Gaylord Simpson: His Life and Works to the Present.- 2 Phylogeny and Paleontology.- Nature of Paleontological Data.- Homology and Polarity.- Phylogeny as a Theory of Relationships.- Determination of Relationships.- Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3 The Origin of Faunas. Evolution of Lizard Congeners in a Complex Island Fauna: A Trial Analysis.- West Indian Anoles, Size and Ecological Principles.- The Lesser Antilles: Model for a Model.- The Model Tested.- A Look Back from the New Vantage Point.- From the Special to the General: The Origin of Faunas.- Conclusions.- Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 4 Allometric Fallacies and the Evolution of Gryphaea: A New Interpretation Based on Whites Criterion of Geometric Similarity.- Of Oysters and Orthogenesis.- Allometric Fallacies.- The Evolution of Gryphaea: A New Interpretation.- Summary.- Appendix: On Philips Critique of Burnabys Equations.- Postscript.- References.- 5 The Vertebrate as a Dual AnimalSomatic and Visceral.- Somatic vs. Visceral Musculature.- Somatic vs. Visceral Skeletal Systems.- Somatic and Visceral Nerve Components.- Lower Chordates.- References.- 6 Lystrosaurus and Gondwanaland.- The Modern Geological Revolution.- Paleontological Discoveries.- The Lystrosaurus Fauna in Africa.- The Lystrosaurus Fauna in Antarctica.- The Problem of South America.- Lystrosaurus in India.- The Range of the Lystrosaurus Fauna.- Lystrosaurus in China.- A New World.- References.- 7 Was Europe Connected Directly to North America Prior to the Middle Eocene?.- References.- 8 The Evolution of the Tongue of Snakes, and its Bearing on Snake Origins.- The Generalized Lizard Stage.- The Chewing Stage with Retractile Fore-tongue.- The Frictional Gulping Stage.- The Nonlingual Gulping Stage.- The Snake Stage.- Tongue Structure and the Origin of Snakes.- Platynotan Features of Snakes.- Reasons for not Regarding the Varanidae as True Ancestors of Snakes 265 Conclusions: The Tongue as a ConslӜ