1. Paleobiology of the Precambrian: The Age of Blue-Green Algae.- Morphology and Classification of Cyanophytes.- Assessment of the Cyanophytic Fossil Record.- Quantity of Fossil Evidence.- Quality and Geological Distribution of Fossil Evidence.- Conclusions.- Origin of Blue-Green Algae.- Mode of Origin.- Paleobiological Evidence.- Phylogeny of the Cyanophyta.- Coccoid Line (Coccogoneae).- Filamentous Line (Hormogoneae).- Evolutionary Conservatism in the Cyanophyta.- Summary.- References.- 2. Five-Kingdom Classification and the Origin and Evolution of Cells.- Plants and Animals: Botanists and Zoologists.- Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.- Phylogenies and the Fossil Record.- Synopsis of the Symbiotic Theory of the Origin of Eukaryotic Cells.- The Five-Kingdom System of Classification.- References.- 3. Biochemical Parameters of Fungal Phylogenetics.- Genotype: Phenotype-Protein Bridge.- Biochemical Parameters.- Cell Wall Chemistry.- Analysis of Ribosomal RNAs.- Base Composition of DNA.- Metabolic Pathways.- Evolution of Enzyme Systems.- Enzyme Aggregation and Gene Clusters.- Peripheral Biochemical Properties.- Sterols.- Biochemical Evolution of the FungiCommentary.- Evolution of Fungal Glutamic Dehydrogenases.- References.- 4. The Phylogeny of AngiospermsA Palynological Analysis.- Phylogeny and Evolution in Preangiosperms.- Thallophyta.- Bryophyta.- Pteridophyta.- Gymnospermae.- Evolutionary Trends in Preangiosperms.- Phylogeny and Evolution of Angiosperms.- References.- 5. Gene Flow in Seed Plants.- Potential Gene Flow.- Pollen Flow.- Animal-Mediated Pollen Flow.- Wind-Mediated Pollen Flow.- Water-Mediated Pollen Flow.- Seed Flow.- Wind-Mediated Seed Flow.- Animal-Mediated Seed Flow.- Actual Gene Flow.- Population Structure.- Neighborhood Analyses.- F-Statistics Analyses.- Stepping-Stone Model.- Models Employing Computer Simulation.- Conclusions.- References.- 6. Artemia: A Survey of Its Significance in Genetic Problems.- Speciation in the Genus Artemia.- MechanismlS.