Functional Anatomy of the Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle Wakefulness [Paperback]

Sleep is a necessary, active, diverse and periodic condition, homeostatically regulated and precisely meshed with waking time into the sleep-wakefulness cycle. The authors present a detailed and updated review of the structures involved in the phase of wakefulness, including their morphological, functional and chemical characteristics, as well as their anatomical connectionsThis book presents a detailed and updated review of the structures involved in the phases of wakefulness, including their morphological, functional and chemical characteristics, as well as their anatomical connections.The sleep-wakefulness cycle.- Revision of the publications describing the anatomical connections and effects of lesions and electrical stimulation of brain structures on the sleep-wakefulness cycle.- The peripheral nerves and spinal cord.- Medullary and caudal pontine tegmentum.- Oral pontine tegmentum and superior cerebellar peduncle.- Midbrain tegmentum, hypothalmus and basal forebrain.- Thalamus.- Cerebral cortex.- Final commentary.- Functional anatomy of wakefulness.- The brainstem-hypothalamic wakefulness structures and their neurotransmitters.- Other brain structures with their neurotransmitters that participate in wakefulness.- Final commentary.- References.- Subject indexWakefulness is a necessary, active and periodic brain state, with a circadian and homeostatic regulation and precisely meshed with other states into the sleep-wakefulness cycle. This monograph first overviews the historical background and current understanding of the neuronal systems generating and/or maintaining the various phases of the sleep-wakefulness cycle. A key cellular correlate of wakefulness is a sustained mode of high activity and plasticity in the closely intertwined circuits of the cortex and thalamus, the thalamo-cerebral cortex unity. The second part of the monograph provides an in-depth review of recent advances on the anatomy, physiology and neurochemistry of the neuronal groups known tol&