This is a well written and valuable study of the life of a familiar but still somehow shadowy figure and an important contribution to medieval intellectual history, with insights into the meaning of the twelfth-century renaissance, the monastic mindset, the invention of psychological thought, the birth of the university, and the historiography of the Crusades.Jay Rubensteinstudied medieval history at the University of Oxford and the University of California at Berkeley. Currently he teaches history at the University of New Mexico.