Invisible Enemy: The African American Freedom Struggle after 1965 [Paperback]

This highly accessible account of the evolution of American racism outlines how 'colorblind' approaches to discrimination ensured the perpetuation of racial inequality in the United States well beyond the 1960s.

• A highly accessible account of the evolution of American racism, its perpetuation, and black people's struggles for equality in the post-civil rights era
• Guides students to a better understanding of the experiences of black Americans and their ongoing struggles for justice, by highlighting the interconnectedness of African American history with that of the nation as a whole
• Highlights the economic and political functions that racism has served throughout the nation's history
• Discusses the continuation of the freedom movement beyond the 1960s to provide a comprehensive new historiography of racial equality and social justice

Acknowledgments vi

Introduction 1

1 The Never Ending Story: American Racism from Slavery to the Civil Rights Movement 7

2 From the Freedom Movement to Free Markets: Racializing the War on Poverty and Colorblinding Jim Crow 30

3 A System without Signs: The Invisible Racism of the Post-Civil Rights Era 53

4 Fighting Jim Crows Shadow: Struggles for Racial Equality after 1965 76

5 To See or Not to See: Debates over Affirmative Action 100

6 Is This America? Electoral Politics after the Voting Rights Act 124

7 Fir$t Cla$$ Citizen$hip: Struggles for Economic Justice 147

8 All Around the World: The Freedom Struggle in a Global Context 169

Notes 194

Index 230