With the collapse of communism and the accelerated trend of globalization, a new stage of capitalism has arrived. Protest actions that occurred in Seattle and Washington as well as in Prague and Genoa, clearly show that the legitimacy of capitalism is being questioned in many respects. Surveys in Eastern and Central Europe show that a considerable part of the population is not able to accept capitalism as an economic system. This volume assesses the ethical basis of capitalism in an effort to assess its future in the twenty-first century.Contributors range from one of the world's most successful capitalists and philanthropists to the founder of INSEAD, Europe's leading business school, to noted economists, philosophers, cultural historians, and business ethicists.Chapter 1, Against Market Fundamentalism: 'The Capitalist Threat' Reconsidered, by George Soros, Olivier Giscard d'Estaing and others, is the edited and extended version of the public debate with Soros on his influential paper The Capitalist Threat. Chapter 2, Ethics of Capitalism, by Peter Koslowski, follows the thesis that capitalism constitutes a necessary component of a free society. Chapter 3, Misunderstood and Abused Liberalism, by Lubomir Mlcoch, focuses on the problems of Czech-style capitalism. Chapter 4, Humanizing the Economy by Stefano Zamagni, investigates the role of civil society in relation to the market and the state. Chapter 5, The Possibility of Stakeholder Capitalism, by Edward R. Freeman, argues that stakeholder relationships are a key to understanding the functioning of business in today's world. Chapter 6, Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Ethicality in Business and Management, by Wojciech W. Gasparski, introduces the praxiology tradition in the debate about ethical aspects of capitalism. Chapter 7, Responsibility and Profit Making, by Lszszl? Zsolnai, explores the conditions for ethical and social acceptability of profit making.Collectively, this volume addresses the ethló/