Hedgehogs and Foxes Character, Leadership, and Command in Organizations [Paperback]

In this compelling look at charismatic leaders and their leadership styles, Abraham Zaleznik asserts that leaders are either 'hedgehogs,' who view leadership as a single-minded track driven by unwavering rules, or 'foxes,' who assess and re-evaluate their goals and strategies based on ever-changing factors in business, politics, and culture.INTRODUCTION PART I:?THE OPTIMISTS The Propensity for Risk: Eisenhower in the Military and the Presidency A Disengaged President: Ronald Reagan and his Lieutenants The Psychology of Healthy Mindedness PART II: THE NARCISSISTS To Be Singleminded: Admiral Hyman G. Rickover and the Nuclear Navy A Mission in Life: Florence Nightingale and Medical Reform Ego Psychology and Bureaucracy PART III: THE GENERALISTS The Education of Robert McNamara, Secretary of Defense, 1961-68 From Monomania to Megalomania: Harold Geneen and ITT The Operational Code of the Manager PART IV: THE EMPOWERERS Martin Luther King, Jr. and Militant Nonviolence: A Psychoanalytic Study Franz Fanon: Purgation Through Violence The Psychodynamics of Empowerment PART V: THE HUMANISTS Joseph Conrad: Sharing the Secret of Command Hermann Melville's Billy Budd : A Study of Character Identity, Imagination, and Command CONCLUSION A Dialogue on Psycho-Politics and Command

In his new book, Abraham Zaleznik explores the effect on leadership of the tension between the individual identity and the roles imposed by the hierarchies of medicine, business, the military, and politics. Drawing on examples from recent history and from literature, Zaleznik combines the subtle sensitivity of a psychoanalyst with years of experience as a consultant to executives to make this an outstanding and indispensable book on leadership. - Norman N. Holland, Marston-Milbauer Eminent Scholar, University of Florida

A clear-eyed analysis and masterful account of the human side of leadership. This admirable book demonstrates Zaleznik's wisdom about styles of leadership in dilã¯