Natural Deduction, Hybrid Systems and Modal Logics [Hardcover]

This book provides a detailed exposition of one of the most practical and popular methods of proving theorems in logic, called Natural Deduction. It is presented both historically and systematically. Also some combinations with other known proof methods are explored. The initial part of the book deals with Classical Logic, whereas the rest is concerned with systems for several forms of Modal Logics, one of the most important branches of modern logic, which has wide applicability.

Here is an extensive treatment of Natural Deduction and related proof systems, focused on practical aspects of proof methods. Necessary background material is provided, including a presentation of Modal Logics, First-Order Modal and Hybrid Modal Logics.A good title should be informative enough to illuminate a potential reader on the content of a book. We hope that the present title gives at least some hints of what this book is about. The notion of natural deduction or modal logic are rather well known, but the notion of hybrid system certainly needs some explanation. In short, this study may be seen as a kind of search for good deductive systems. We think of systems good in practice which may be applied with easenotonlybywelltrainedlogiciansbutalso, forexample, byphilosophers who need handy deductive tools accompanying their analyses. In parti- lar, we are interested in providing systems that may be widely applied in teaching logic. Nowadays one may observe that several courses in critical thinking tend to eliminate courses in practical logic. On the other hand, logic is often taught as a strictly mathematical discipline in very dema- ing courses. It is important to ?ll the gap between these extrema, and the crucial ingredient of any course which is supposed to teach how to use logic, is certainly a suitable deductive system. Since we address this work to a wide audience interested in applications of logic, we were trying to make it self-contained and accessible to a lÃ-