A study of anaphora in written and spoken discourse, using data from three English genres.This study examines the distribution of pronouns and full noun phrases in three different genres of English, and demonstrates the relationships between the hierarchical structure of discourses and the use of anaphoric phrases within those discourses.This study examines the distribution of pronouns and full noun phrases in three different genres of English, and demonstrates the relationships between the hierarchical structure of discourses and the use of anaphoric phrases within those discourses.This thoughtful study, presenting a novel analytical framework, examines the use of anaphora in both written and conversational discourse. In particular, it examines the distribution of pronouns and full noun phrases in three different genres of English, and demonstrates the relationships between the hierarchical structure of discourses and the use of anaphoric phrases within those discourses.1. Introduction; 2. Conversation analysis; 3. Anaphora in conversational English; 4. Rhetorical structure analysis; 5. Anaphora in expository written English texts; 6. Anaphora in expository written and conversational English; 7. Conclusions. ...is a tightly argued, well-documented, innovative reformulation of the theory of anaphora that should have an impact on thinking about anaphora in discourse. Studies in Second Language Learning