Laogai--the Chinese Gulag [Paperback]

Avoiding sensationalism or self-pity, what Mr. Wu has given us is the unemotional and authoritative reference work long needed to complement the vivid but anecdotal accounts of individual prisoners. . . . a comprehensive . . . expose, laying out, in the greatest detail yet available, the history, policies, command structure and scale of the largest remaining communist gulag .-- Wall Street Journal

The organization and distribution of labour reform camps; convicted labour reform ( laogai ); re-education through labour; forced job placement.