Methods in Lignin Chemistry [Paperback]

An up-to-date compilation of the theoretical background and practical procedures involved in lignin characterization. Whenever possible, the procedures are presented in sufficient detail to enable the reader to perform the analysis solely by following the step-by-step description. The advantages and limitations of individual methods are discussed and, more importantly, illustrated by typical analytical data in comparison to results obtained from other methods. This handbook serves the need of researchers and other professionals in academia, the pulp and paper industry as well as allied industries. It is equally useful for those with no previous experience in lignin or lignocellulosics.The structural complexity of lignin has continually challenged the in? genuity of researchers to develop suitable methods for its charac? terization prior to and following a wide variety of chemical, biologi? cal, and physical treatments. Initially, activity along these lines was fueled by a desire to interpret technical delignification (Le. , pulping) processes in terms of accompanying structural changes in the lignin. Subsequently, increasingly wide ranging, in-depth investigations on the structure and reactivity of lignin exposed the inadequacy of many of the methods currently in use and underscored the ever-continuing need to develop new methods capable of solving the unique analytical problems associated with lignin. Characteristically, such methods should be selective, sensitive, suitable for quantitative measurements, and capable of being applied directly to, and without destruction of, the lignin or lignocellulose sample. One notable example of the head? way being made in reaching this objective is the relatively recent devel? opment and refinement of methods based on the use of sophisticated instrumentation, e. g. , lH_ and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Although the utility of many of these and other recently developed methods de? scribed in this book has yet to be fully and satisfactl³2