Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis [Hardcover]

This book provides a new compilation of information that link changes in the basic structure of synapses and brain diseases. The book shows that specific secreted proteins, and short peptide mimicking the function of neural cell adhesion molecules can significantly enhance the formation of synapses in the brain. It describes recent advances in research that lay necessary scientific groundwork to develop pharmacological treatments.

Some of the molecules critical for building neuronal contacts have been shown to be affected in psychiatric disorders such as autism and mental retardation. Also, a reduction in synapse number in specific brain regions has been found in patients with brain disorders. Thus, imbalance in synaptic contact formation may result in the formation of abnormal neuronal circuits and the aberrant behavior manifested in these brain diseases. Recent findings also suggest that fine tuning of neuronal circuits rather than a major loss of neurons may be the cause of some of these brain disorders. In certain cases, loss of neurons could be a secondary event reflecting problems in improper neuronal communication.

Synaptogenesis: When Long-Distance Relations Become Intimate.- Synaptogenesis: When Long-Distance Relations Become Intimate.- Experimental Models of Synaptogenesis.- The Formation of the Vertebrate Neuromuscular Junction: Roles for the Extracellular Matrix in Synaptogenesis.- Synapse Formation between Identified Molluscan Neurons: A Model System Approach.- Development of the Drosophila and C. Elegans Neuromuscular Junctions.- Mechanisms That Regulate Neuronal Protein Clustering at the Synapse.- Roles of Cell Adhesion and Secreted Molecules in Synaptic Differentiation.- Cadherin-Mediated Adhesion and Signaling During Vertebrate Central Synapse Formation.- Synaptic Functions of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule, NCAM.- Role of Neuroligin Binding to Neurexins in Synaptic Organization.- SynCAM in Formation and Functlãb