Open Tubular Column Gas Chromatography in Environmental Sciences [Paperback]

One: Introduction.- 1.1. Organic Contaminants in the Environment.- 1.2. Advances of Trace Organic Analysis.- 1.2.1. Separation Methods.- 1.2.2. Historical Development of WCOT Column Gas Chromatography.- 1.3. Nomenclature and Relationships in Gas Chromatography.- 1.4. Separation Number (Trennzahl).- 1.4.1. Required Column Parameters.- 1.4.2. Minimum Analysis Time.- 1.4.3. Column Length.- 1.5. Thermodynamic Concept of Polarity and Selectivity.- 1.5.1. Polarity.- 1.5.2. Selectivity.- 1.6. Stationary Phases.- References.- Two: Glass WCOT Columns.- 2.1. Glass Surfaces as Support Materials.- 2.1.1. Fused Silica.- 2.1.2. Soft Glasses.- 2.1.3. Borosilicate Glass.- 2.2. Glass Surface Properties.- 2.3. Dehydration and Rehydration of Glass Surfaces.- 2.4. Capillary Tubing Fabrication.- 2.5. WCOT Column Surface Modifications.- 2.5.1. General Considerations.- 2.5.2. Surface-Roughening Techniques.- 2.5.3. HCl-Induced Crystallization in Gaseous Phase.- 2.5.4. Pyrex Glass Surface Modification.- 2.5.5. Deposition of Barium Carbonate.- 2.5.6. Other Roughening Methods.- 2.6. Glass Surface Deactivation and Chemical Modification.- 2.7. Coating the WCOT Column.- 2.7.1. Dynamic Methods.- 2.7.2. Static Techniques.- 2.8. WCOT Column Conditioning.- 2.9. Glass WCOT Column Maintenance.- References.- Three: Inlet Systems.- 3.1. General Considerations.- 3.2. Sample Introduction Techniques.- 3.2.1. Cold Syringe Needle Injection.- 3.2.2. Filled Syringe Needle Injection.- 3.2.3. Air Plug Method.- 3.2.4. Hot Syringe Needle Injection.- 3.2.5. Solvent Flush Technique.- 3.3. Split Sampling Technique.- 3.4. Splitless Sampling Technique.- 3.5. On-Column Injection Techniques.- 3.6. Direct Injection.- 3.7. Column-Switching Techniques.- 3.7.1. Splitless Injection.- 3.7.2. The Back-Flushing Method.- 3.7.3. Preseparation with Packed-Column and Intermediate-Peak Trapping.- 3.7.4. Preseparation with Packed-Column, Dual Injection, and Intermediate-Peak Trapping.- 3.8. Flow Programming in WCOT Column Gas Chromatol“.