How do organizations learn, change and adapt? The chapters in this book contribute to the development of organizational learning theory in three ways. They delineate its scope, differentiating it from organizational ecology, choice and individual learning; demonstrate the explanatory power of a learning perspective; and illustrate the application of research tools useful for the study of learning.How do organizations learn, change and adapt? The chapters in this book contribute to the development of organizational learning theory in three ways. They delineate its scope, differentiating it from organizational ecology, choice and individual learning; demonstrate the explanatory power of a learning perspective; and illustrate the application of research tools useful for the study of learning.Introduction - Michael D Cohen and Lee S Sproull Learning from Samples of One or Fewer - James G March, Lee S Sproull and Michal Tamuz Organizing Work by Adaptation - Edwin Hutchins Organizational Learning Communities-of-Practice - John Seely Brown and Paul Duguid Toward a Unified View of Working, Learning, and Innovation Organizational Learning Curves - Dennis Epple, Linda Argote and Rukmini Devadas A Method for Investigating Intra-Plant Transfer of Knowledge Acquired through Learning by Doing Exploration and Exploitation in Organizational Learning - James G March Organization Learning - George P Huber The Contributing Processes and Literatures The Nontraditional Quality of Organizational Learning - Karl E Weick Bounded Rationality and Organizational Learning - Herbert A Simon Individual Learning and Organizational Routine - Michael D Cohen Emerging Connections Organizational Adaptation and Environmental Selection - Interrelated Processes of Change - Daniel A Levinthal Technology Diffusion and OrganizationalC†