Pharmaceutical Blending and Mixing [Hardcover]

Written in four parts, this book provides a dedicated and in-depth reference for blending within the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. It links the science of blending with regulatory requirements associated with pharmaceutical manufacture. The contributors are a combination of leading academic and industrial experts, who provide an informed and industrially relevant perspective of the topic. This is an essential book for the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, and related academic researchers in pharmaceutical science and chemical and mechanical engineering.Contributor List xv

Preface xvii

Part I Fundamentals of Mixing 1

1 Mixing Theory 3
Chris D. Rielly

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 Describing Mixtures 5

1.3 Scale of Scrutiny 6

1.4 Quantifying Mixedness for Coarse and Fine‐Grained Mixtures 8

1.4.1 Coarse and Fine‐Grained Mixtures 8

1.4.2 Scale and Intensity of Segregation 9

1.5 Determining the End‐Point of Mixing: Comparison of Mixing Indices 15

1.6 Continuous Flow Mixers 19

1.6.1 Idealized Mixing Patterns 19

1.6.2 Residence Time Distributions 21

1.6.3 Back‐Mixing and Filtering of Disturbances Using a CSTR 23

References 24

2 Turbulent Mixing Fundamentals 27
Suzanne M. Kresta

2.1 Introduction 27

2.2 The Velocity Field and Turbulence 28

2.3 Circulation and Macro‐Mixing 29

2.4 Fully Turbulent Limits and the Scaling of Turbulence 32

2.5 The Spectrum of Turbulent Length Scales, Injection of a Scalar (Either Reagent or Addilã-