The United States is now spending huge sums of money `getting tough on crime' to the detriment of education and other public service expenditures//programmes. From a cost as well as crime control perspective, this unique book asks whether value for money is being gained from these investments? It looks at existing research on the subject and suggests ways of cutting both crime rates and costs?The United States is now spending huge sums of money `getting tough on crime' to the detriment of education and other public service expenditures//programmes. From a cost as well as crime control perspective, this unique book asks whether value for money is being gained from these investments? It looks at existing research on the subject and suggests ways of cutting both crime rates and costs?Crime and Punishment at Century's End Punishment Options for Convicted Criminals The Objectives of Punishment Reducing Childhood Transition Crime Anticipating the Sequence in Vice Control Curbing Crimes of Rage Suppressing Sex Crimes Removing Crookedness from Legitimate Occupations Incapacitating Professional, 'Career' and Psychopathic Criminals Optimum Investments to Reduce Crime Rates