Proof Analysis A Contribution to Hilbert's Last Problem [Paperback]

Presents a new way of applying the methods of proof theory to axiomatic theories and systems of philosophical logic.A continuation of the authors' book Structural Proof Theory, one of the basic sources for all students and researchers on logic. Presents a way of extending the proof theory of pure logic to cover mathematical axiomatic theories and systems of philosophical logic.A continuation of the authors' book Structural Proof Theory, one of the basic sources for all students and researchers on logic. Presents a way of extending the proof theory of pure logic to cover mathematical axiomatic theories and systems of philosophical logic.This book continues from where the authors' previous book, Structural Proof Theory, ended. It presents an extension of the methods of analysis of proofs in pure logic to elementary axiomatic systems and to what is known as philosophical logic. A self-contained brief introduction to the proof theory of pure logic is included that serves both the mathematically and philosophically oriented reader. The method is built up gradually, with examples drawn from theories of order, lattice theory and elementary geometry. The aim is, in each of the examples, to help the reader grasp the combinatorial behaviour of an axiom system, which typically leads to decidability results. The last part presents, as an application and extension of all that precedes it, a proof-theoretical approach to the Kripke semantics of modal and related logics, with a great number of new results, providing essential reading for mathematical and philosophical logicians.Prologue: Hilbert's Last Problem; 1. Introduction; Part I. Proof Systems Based on Natural Deduction: 2. Rules of proof: natural deduction; 3. Axiomatic systems; 4. Order and lattice theory; 5. Theories with existence axioms; Part II. Proof Systems Based on Sequent Calculus: 6. Rules of proof: sequent calculus; 7. Linear order; Part III. Proof Systems for Geometric Theories: 8. Geometric theories; 9. Classicló(