This book is a comprehensive 2002 analysis of the Spanish left during the civil war of 19369.This is a new and comprehensive analysis of the forces of the Spanish left during the civil war of 1936-9, and is the first analysis of its kind for more than thirty years.The book argues two crucial propositions. First, the the wartime responses (and limitations) of the Spanish left can be understood only in relation to their pre-war experiences, world views, organisational structures and the wider Spanish context. Second, that the overarching influence that shaped the evolution of the Republic between 1936 and 1939 was the war itself.This is a new and comprehensive analysis of the forces of the Spanish left during the civil war of 1936-9, and is the first analysis of its kind for more than thirty years.The book argues two crucial propositions. First, the the wartime responses (and limitations) of the Spanish left can be understood only in relation to their pre-war experiences, world views, organisational structures and the wider Spanish context. Second, that the overarching influence that shaped the evolution of the Republic between 1936 and 1939 was the war itself.This new analysis of the forces of the Spanish Leftist movement during the Civil War of 1936-9 makes two crucial propositions. It claims that the wartime responses and limitations of the movement can be understood only in relationship to its pre-war experiences, world views, organizational structures and the wider cultural context. It also asserts that the most significant influence on the evolution of the Republic between 1936 and 1939 was the war itself.Preface; Introduction: A fractured left: the impact of uneven development 18981930; 1. The challenge of mass political mobilisation 19316; 2. Against the state: military rebellion, political fragmentation, popular resistance and repression, 18 July4 September 1936; 3. Building the war effort, building the state for total war, September 1936February 1937; 4ld